What is ulcerative colitis (UC)?

UC is a chronic inflammatory disease that involves the rectum and may include some of the large intestine. In UC, the immune system is activated, attacking the wall of the intestine. In addition to swelling of the inner lining of the rectum and colon, UC causes wearing of the lining of the rectum and colon. UC may increase the risk of colon cancer.

What are the signs and symptoms of UC?

• Abdominal pain
• Bloody diarrhea
• Frequent bowel movement
• Fever
• Fatigue
• Decreased appetite
• Weight loss
• Dehydration due to loss of fluids

How is UC diagnosed?

1. Lab work detects reduction in iron levels and elevated white blood cell counts as a result of inflammation.
2. Colonoscopy or flexible sigmoidoscopy
3. Biopsy

What are some precautionary measures with UC?

• Well balanced diet to ensure adequate nutrition and avoid anemia during flare-ups.
• Avoid spicy foods and dairy products.
• Have your colon frequently checked by your physician due to increased risk of colon cancer.
• Calcium and vitamin D supplementation to prevent osteoporosis due to ulcerative colitis.

What are treatment options for UC?

1. Anti-inflammatory medications
2. Antibiotics
3. Antidiarrheal medications
4. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) inhibitors Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a substance produced by the immune system and is responsible for inflammation and much of the gastrointestinal tract damage. TNF-α inhibitors work by inhibiting this substance; however, infection risk is increased in the process due to suppression of the immune system.

<< back